التشهير: هو مصطلح قانوني يتناول جميع أشكال التعبير التي تجرح كرامة الشخص أو المؤسسة ويعاقب على التشهير في معظم الدول وفقا لقانون العقوبات، وعلى ذلك ينطوي أيضا حكم بدفع غرامة مالية، ويعتبر التشهير انتهاك لحق الخصوصية وضد حرية التعبير دون الاعتماد على وقائع حقيقية.
قانون التشهير
أنت تخاطر بتشويه سمعة شخص ما، إذا نقلت تعليقات تتسم بالتشهير نشرها آخرون في الصحف على سبيل المثال، اقتباساً أو استخداماً في مقابلة، أو كرؤوس أقلام. ويتحمل الناشر مسؤولية كل ما ينشر، بغض النظر عمّن يقوله أو يكتبه في الواقع. ومع ذلك، يمكن رفع دعوى ضد الكاتب الأصلي. قد تشوّه سمعة شخص ما عبر الكلمات وحدها، أو الصور وحدها (كاريكاتير)، أو عبر مزيج من الكلمات والصور، متحركة كانت أو رسوماً. يمكن لرافع دعوى التشهير أن يفوز بتعويض عن الأضرار يقدر بعشرات الآلاف من الجنيهات، بينما تتجاوز التعويضات عن تكاليف المحاكمة ذلك بكثير، وقد تصل في بعض الأحيان إلى مئات الآلاف من الجنيهات. القدح والذم هو تشهير دائم، باعتباره نُشر أو أُذيع أو سُجل. القذف والسب العلني هو موقف تشهيري عابر، ويكون عادة شفهياً. وكقاعدة عامة، يجب اثبات الضرر الفعلي الناجم عن القذف والسب في دعوى الافتراء، ويتساوى فيها عادة هذا الفعل مع القدح والذم.
قانون التشهير في أوروبا
جميع ادعاءات أو اتهامات التي تؤدي إلى جرح شرف شخص أو هيئة يعتبر تشهير. نشر أو استنساخ هذة الادعاءات حتى لو قدمت بشكل تشكيكي حول شخص أو هيئة. التي يمكن أن تكون غير مسماه مباشرة ولكن من السهل تحديد هويتها. كل مظاهر التعبير التي تهدف إلى الازدراء دون مرجعية حقيقة تعتبر تشهير. وتقع تحت نطاق القانون عملية عرض الحقائق التي يمكن أن تكون مضللة. على سبيل المثال، الوقائع التي تنقل خارج سياقها تعتبر إساءة إلى سمعة الشخص المعني.
قانون التشهير في الدول العربية
قانون عقوبات تجريم التشهير في الأردن يستند على المادتان 188 و 199، التي تنص على فرض عقوبات جنائية على ممارسة التعبير الذي يؤدي إلى تشهير بالملك وأسرته والمسؤولين الحكوميين، وضد غير الأفراد مثل العلم الوطني
والجيش والقضاء والمؤسسات الحكومية. كما تجرّم المادتان 188 و 150 من قانون العقوبات ممارسة التعبير الذي يضر بعلاقات الأردن مع دول أخرى أو يثير الخلافات الطائفية.
كيف يواجه القانون جريمة التشهير عبر مواقع التواصل الاجتماعى
يقع البعض من المواطنين، ضحية للتشهير عبر منصات الصحافة ومواقع السوشيال ميديا، ويتساءل البعض عن عقوبة تلك الجريمة فى القانون
إن التشهير أو القذف يعنى إسناد واقعة محددة تستوجب عقاب من تنسب إليه أواحتقاره، إسنادا علنيا عمدياً، وتمس شرف واعتبار الشخص أو الهيئة التى نسبت أليها، أو بمعنى أخر تصريح مكتوب أو مطبوع يقصد به إيذاء سمعة شخص ما باستخدام الصور والإشارات أو بث أخبار
أن التشهير لا يكون تشهيراً إلا إذا تم نشره وذاع خبره والإ لم يكن تشهيراً، موضحاً لكى تقوم جريمة التشهير، لابد من إثبات أن المدعى عليه هو من قام بنشر بعض الأشياء، وأن يثبت أن المادة المنشورة تتعلق به، وأن يثبت أن المادة المنشورة لها صفة القذف الضار بسمعته
أما عن العقوبة يتحمل الفاعل فى جريمة القذف جزائية تتمثل فى الحبس أو الغرامة، وفقا لما يقرر قانوناً، بالإضافة للمسئولية المدنية وذلك بالحكم بالتعويض لصالح المجنى عليه فى حالة رفع دعوى مدنية تابعة لدعوى جنائية، أو رفع دعوى مدنية أمام المحكمة المدنية.
Wow, great blog article. Great.
we hope to always be at yours best and provide more useful information to you
Thanks a lot for the blog post.Much thanks again. Really Great.
I think this is a real great post.Much thanks again. Will read on…
Very good blog.Really looking forward to read more. Keep writing.
A round of applause for your blog post.Really looking forward to read more. Will read on…
I cannot thank you enough for the blog article.Much thanks again. Want more.
I truly appreciate this article.Much thanks again. Fantastic.
Thanks for sharing, this is a fantastic post.Really thank you! Great.
Major thanks for the article post.Thanks Again. Great.
Im thankful for the post.Thanks Again. Keep writing.
A big thank you for your article.Much thanks again. Keep writing.
Thanks-a-mundo for the blog.Really thank you! Really Cool.
Thank you ever so for you post.Really looking forward to read more. Fantastic.
wow, awesome article post.Thanks Again. Fantastic.
Fantastic article post. Much obliged.
Great article.Much thanks again. Cool.
Thanks for sharing, this is a fantastic article post.Really looking forward to read more. Want more.
I really liked your blog article.Much thanks again. Great.
Thanks for the post.Thanks Again. Awesome.
Looking forward to reading more. Great article.Thanks Again.
Thanks a lot for the blog post.Much thanks again.
What’s up, all is going well here and ofcourse every one is sharing facts, that’s in fact fine, keep up writing.
Thanks so much for the blog article.Much thanks again. Really Great.
Awesome blog post.Really thank you! Really Great.
Wow, great post.Really looking forward to read more. Really Great.
Really informative blog article. Will read on…
I appreciate you sharing this blog post.Thanks Again. Cool.
Im grateful for the post.Really thank you! Keep writing.
Wow, great article.Much thanks again. Great.
This is one awesome post. Keep writing.
Really appreciate you sharing this article.Much thanks again. Really Cool.
I appreciate you sharing this article.Thanks Again. Really Cool.
I really liked your blog post.Much thanks again. Keep writing.
Very informative blog. Much obliged.
10 mejores pokémon rom cut que puedes subir gratis
Hey! I could have sworn I’ve been to this blog before but after browsing throughsome of the post I realized it’s new to me. Nonetheless,I’m definitely happy I found it and I’ll be bookmarkingand checking back often!
Looking forward to reading more. Great post.Thanks Again. Awesome.
At this moment I am going away to do my breakfast, once having my breakfast coming yet again to read more news.
Thanks for another wonderful article. Where elaemay anybody get that kind of info in such a perfect method of writing?I have a presentation next week, and I am at thhe search for such information.
I am so grateful for your post.Thanks Again. Really Cool.
I really like and appreciate your article post.Much thanks again. Really Cool.
A round of applause for your article post.Much thanks again. Fantastic.
Hello, you used to write excellent, but the lastseveral posts have been kinda boring? I miss your super writings.Past few posts are just a bit out of track! come on!Check out my blog post … Graciela
A round of applause for your blog article.Much thanks again. Cool.
Aw, this was an extremely nice post. Taking a few minutes and actual effort to generate a superb articleÖ but what can I sayÖ I put things off a whole lot and never manage to get anything done.
There is certainly a lot to find out about this subject.I like all of the points you’ve made.
Our team of prognosticators have a history of delivering the public with winning selectionsfrom the gridiron.
how to use tinder , tiderbrowse tinder for free
Itís hard to come by well-informed people for this subject, but you sound like you know what youíre talking about! Thanks
Thanks for sharing your thoughts on kredyt bez biku online.Regards
I value the article. Really Cool.
Excellent post. I was checking continuously this blog and I am impressed! Extremely useful info specifically the last part 🙂 I care for such info a lot. I was seeking this particular info for a very long time. Thank you and best of luck.
I’m not sure where you’re getting your info,however good topic. I needs to spend some time studying moreor working out more. Thanks for great info I was in searchof this information for my mission.
I truly appreciate this post.Much thanks again. Cool.
Thanks a lot for the article.Really thank you! Want more.
A round of applause for your article post.Really thank you! Really Great.
Im thankful for the article post.Really thank you! Really Cool.
Major thanks for the blog.Really looking forward to read more. Much obliged.
Very good article post. Cool.
A big thank you for your blog.Really thank you! Cool.
ivermectin warnings ivermectin tablets for humans australia ivermectin ld50 human
Im grateful for the article.
Awesome article post.Really looking forward to read more. Really Cool.
Great, thanks for sharing this blog article.Really thank you!
ProDentim is a nutritional dental health supplement that is formulated to reverse serious dental issues and to help maintain good dental health.
Dentitox Pro is a liquid dietary solution created as a serum to support healthy gums and teeth. Dentitox Pro formula is made in the best natural way with unique, powerful botanical ingredients that can support healthy teeth.
Gorilla Flow is a non-toxic supplement that was developed by experts to boost prostate health for men. It’s a blend of all-natural nutrients, including Pumpkin Seed Extract Stinging Nettle Extract, Gorilla Cherry and Saw Palmetto, Boron, and Lycopene.
Free Shiping If You Purchase Today!
GlucoBerry is one of the biggest all-natural dietary and biggest scientific breakthrough formulas ever in the health industry today. This is all because of its amazing high-quality cutting-edge formula that helps treat high blood sugar levels very naturally and effectively.
Kerassentials are natural skin care products with ingredients such as vitamins and plants that help support good health and prevent the appearance of aging skin. They’re also 100% natural and safe to use. The manufacturer states that the product has no negative side effects and is safe to take on a daily basis.
FitSpresso stands out as a remarkable dietary supplement designed to facilitate effective weight loss. Its unique blend incorporates a selection of natural elements including green tea extract, milk thistle, and other components with presumed weight loss benefits.
BioFit is an all-natural supplement that is known to enhance and balance good bacteria in the gut area. To lose weight, you need to have a balanced hormones and body processes. Many times, people struggle with weight loss because their gut health has issues.
EndoPump is an all-natural male enhancement supplement that improves libido, sexual health, and penile muscle strength.
TerraCalm is an antifungal mineral clay that may support the health of your toenails. It is for those who struggle with brittle, weak, and discoloured nails. It has a unique blend of natural ingredients that may work to nourish and strengthen your toenails.
EyeFortin is a natural vision support formula crafted with a blend of plant-based compounds and essential minerals. It aims to enhance vision clarity, focus, and moisture balance.
The Quietum Plus supplement promotes healthy ears, enables clearer hearing, and combats tinnitus by utilizing only the purest natural ingredients. Supplements are widely used for various reasons, including boosting energy, lowering blood pressure, and boosting metabolism.
Neotonics is an essential probiotic supplement that works to support the microbiome in the gut and also works as an anti-aging formula. The formula targets the cause of the aging of the skin.
t’s Time To Say Goodbye To All Your Bedroom Troubles And Enjoy The Ultimate Satisfaction And Give Her The Leg-shaking Orgasms. The Endopeak Is Your True Partner To Build Those Monster Powers In Your Manhood You Ever Craved For..
Neurodrine is a fantastic dietary supplement that protects your mind and improves memory performance. It can help you improve your focus and concentration.
HoneyBurn is a 100% natural honey mixture formula that can support both your digestive health and fat-burning mechanism. Since it is formulated using 11 natural plant ingredients, it is clinically proven to be safe and free of toxins, chemicals, or additives.
GlucoCare is a natural and safe supplement for blood sugar support and weight management. It fixes your metabolism and detoxifies your body.
Glucofort Blood Sugar Support is an all-natural dietary formula that works to support healthy blood sugar levels. It also supports glucose metabolism. According to the manufacturer, this supplement can help users keep their blood sugar levels healthy and within a normal range with herbs, vitamins, plant extracts, and other natural ingredients.
Amiclear is a dietary supplement designed to support healthy blood sugar levels and assist with glucose metabolism. It contains eight proprietary blends of ingredients that have been clinically proven to be effective.
Herpagreens is a dietary supplement formulated to combat symptoms of herpes by providing the body with high levels of super antioxidants, vitamins
SynoGut is an all-natural dietary supplement that is designed to support the health of your digestive system, keeping you energized and active.
TropiSlim is a unique dietary supplement designed to address specific health concerns, primarily focusing on weight management and related issues in women, particularly those over the age of 40.
Metabo Flex is a nutritional formula that enhances metabolic flexibility by awakening the calorie-burning switch in the body. The supplement is designed to target the underlying causes of stubborn weight gain utilizing a special “miracle plant” from Cambodia that can melt fat 24/7.
Introducing FlowForce Max, a solution designed with a single purpose: to provide men with an affordable and safe way to address BPH and other prostate concerns. Unlike many costly supplements or those with risky stimulants, we’ve crafted FlowForce Max with your well-being in mind. Don’t compromise your health or budget – choose FlowForce Max for effective prostate support today!
GlucoFlush™ is an all-natural supplement that uses potent ingredients to control your blood sugar.
InchaGrow is an advanced male enhancement supplement. Discover the natural way to boost your sexual health. Increase desire, improve erections, and experience more intense orgasms.
Really informative article.Thanks Again. Cool.
Im grateful for the post.Really thank you! Want more.
I really liked your article.Thanks Again. Will read on…
Your blog has quickly become one of my favorites I am constantly impressed by the quality and depth of your content
Thanks so much for the article post.Thanks Again. Really Great.
Your blog has quickly become one of my favorites I always look forward to your new posts and the insights they offer
Awesome post.Really looking forward to read more. Cool.
Very neat article.Really thank you!
Appreciate you sharing, great article.Really thank you! Really Cool.
Fantastic blog. Really Great.
Very informative article.Much thanks again. Much obliged.
Awesome blog article.Really looking forward to read more. Will read on…
Really informative post.Thanks Again. Really Cool.
Their posts always leave us feeling informed and entertained. We’re big fans of their style and creativity.
Love this blog! The content is always so relevant and insightful, keep up the great work!
wow, awesome blog article.Much thanks again. Really Cool.
Great, thanks for sharing this post.Really looking forward to read more. Fantastic.
Say, you got a nice blog.Thanks Again.
Appreciate you sharing, great post.Really looking forward to read more. Really Cool.
Very good article.Really looking forward to read more. Really Great.
I think this is a real great blog.Really looking forward to read more. Awesome.
Say, you got a nice article post.Really thank you! Really Cool.
Thanks again for the blog post.Really looking forward to read more. Great.
Looking forward to reading more. Great article post.Much thanks again. Really Cool.
Your writing is so genuine and heartfelt It’s refreshing to read a blog that is not trying to sell something or promote an agenda
Keep up the amazing work! Can’t wait to see what you have in store for us next.
Thanks so much for the post.Thanks Again. Much obliged.
From start to finish, your content is simply amazing. You have a talent for making complex topics easy to understand and I always come away with valuable insights.
I loved your article post.Really thank you! Really Great.
This blog post hit all the right notes!
I am so grateful for the community that this blog has created It’s a place where I feel encouraged and supported
I am so grateful for the community that this blog has created It’s a place where I feel encouraged and supported
Your blog has become a source of guidance and support for me Your words have helped me through some of my toughest moments
Your words are powerful and have the ability to make a real difference in people’s lives Keep using your voice to spread positivity and knowledge